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June 2019 FEATURE ARTICLES - THESE ARE OPEN ACCESS FOR A LIMITED TIME
We are pleased to announce that the 2017 Impact Factor for T-PS has increased by 20% and now stands at 1.253! A Frequency-Tunable V -Band Radial Relativistic Backward-Wave Oscillator by Wenjie Feng, Yanhao Feng, Wanchen Yang, Wenquan Che, and Quan Xue A novel filtering antenna based on periodic spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) is proposed. Double-sided parallel-strip line (DSPSL) is used to realize the wideband property for the double-layer SSPPs. Filtering performance can be realized by adding via holes and ring resonators in the double-layer SSPPs. The simulated and measured results indicate the high gain of 9.38 dBi and bandwidth of 10.44% can be achieved for the antenna with via holes and ring resonators, the out-of-band rejection is over 17 dBi. Meanwhile, the gain variations are less than 1 dBi in the whole frequency band. Good agreements can be observed between the measured and simulated results, which indicate good potential applications in the communication systems and integrated circuits. more...

Strongly mismatched regime of nonlinear laser–plasma acceleration: optimization of laser-to-energetic particle efficiency by Aakash A. Sahai Laser electron accelerators utilize a bubble regime of nonlinear plasma waves driven as laser wakefields that, from theoretical considerations, require a matched laser spot size incident on plasma. A strongly mismatched regime of nonlinear laser–plasma acceleration in the bubble regime, favored by experiments, is introduced and modeled for optimization of laser-to-particle energy efficiency with application to the recently proposed laser positron accelerator. Strong mismatch, in contrast with the matched condition, arises from the incident laser spot size being much larger than that needed for equilibration of the laser ponderomotive and electron-ion charge-separation forces in the nonlinearly driven density structure of a plasma bubble. This is shown to be favorable for optimization of large self-injected electron charge and ultralow transverse emittance without precluding beam spectral shaping. It is shown that there are prominent signatures of the mismatched regime, strong optical-shock excitation, and bubble elongation, which are validated using multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations. This paper thus uncovers a generalized regime that apart from being used in many laser–plasma acceleration experiments also opens a novel pathway for a wide range of future applications. more...

A temporal study of cell death signaling responses to cold atmospheric plasma and electroporation in human cancer cells by Danielle M. Krug, Prasoon K. Diwakar, and Ahmed Hassanein As cancer continues to be one of the world’s leading killers, efforts to replace expensive and invasive therapies that cause harmful side effects led to the exploration of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) and electroporation (EP) as efficient and selective treatments for the ablation of cancerous tissues. CAP acts by producing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species within irradiated cancer cells, initiating the intrinsic apoptosis pathway through oxidative stress. Another treatment that is also emerging is EP, which compromises plasma membrane stability, resulting in the transmembrane mass transfer or, in extreme electrical field exposure, cell death. The combination of these two methods has not been thoroughly investigated. Although the apoptotic pathway and its components’ responses to cold plasma have been previously explored, there is still a lack of knowledge in the mode of signal propagation and the timeframe in which affected cells begin to feel the plasma’s effects. It has been previously observed that the addition of EP to treatments augments the plasma effects, increasing cancer cell death events. This study tracked apoptotic events through time using flow cytometry and real-time fluorescent microscopy following cold plasma, EP, and a combined plasma/ EP treatment. Flow cytometry analysis of CAP and EP+CAP treated cells suggest that both treatments are effective at killing cancer cells within a short timeframe, with the combined treatment possessing higher killing potential. A 48-h time lapse of treated and untreated live cells reveals that the first 8 h after CAP treatment shows the highest rate of cell death, but the imaging performed on the EP+CAP treatment was largely inconclusive. These treatment methods represent promising emerging technologies in the ongoing battle against cancer but require further investigations. more...

Field-Circuit Coupling Simulation of Petawatt-Class Z-Pinch Accelerator by Quan Zhou, Xiaobing Zou, and Xinxin Wang Most of the previous studies of petawatt-class Z-pinch accelerator are performing the circuit simulation based on a full-circuit model. This model may cause nonignorable error because it is under the assumption of TEM modes transmission along the monolithic radial transmission lines (MRTLs). In this paper, a method for field-circuit coupling simulation of petawatt-class Z-pinch accelerator was developed, which considered the non-TEM modes in the MRTLs. A 3-D electromagnetic simulation (EMS) of the MRTLs was conducted, and MRTLs’ equivalent circuit was created based on the scattering transfer parameters drawn from the EMS. By inserting the MRTLs’ equivalent circuit into the pulsed generators and Z-pinch load, a field-circuit coupling model of the whole petawatt-class Z-pinch accelerator was obtained. This method was used in the simulation of Z800 accelerator, a petawatt-class Z-pinch accelerator, and the load was a wire array for Z-pinch. Compared to the previous circuit model, the load current obtained with the field-circuit coupling model was lower, and thus, the load-implosion time was longer. Then, we compared the load current of accelerators using exponential, hyperbolic, and linear MRTLs, respectively, and recommended the linear one. The relation between energy transmission efficiency and load parameters was also investigated. more...

Study on the EM Loads Distribution on Updated HCCB Blanket Inboard and Outboard Blanket Vertical Segments by Ming Wang , Mingzhun Lei , Yuntao Song, Mingxuan Lu, Shuling Xu, Kun Lu, Shanwen Zhang, Kun Pei, and Kun Xu As part of the ongoing China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR) studies, this work focused on the study of the electromagnetic (EM) loads distribution on inboard (IB) and outboard (OB) blanket vertical segments. In this paper, a major central disruption scenario with a 36-ms linear current quench was performed in the ANSYS finite element software. EM forces and moments, both on the single module and the complete blanket segment, were calculated for the updated helium-cooled ceramic breeder (HCCB) blanket. Furthermore, the effect of EM loads with respect to poloidal segmentations on the back plate (BP) was studied. Results show that the EM forces and moments in the IB blanket barely changed, but in the OB blanket, great changes occurred. With poloidal segmentations increasing, EM forces loads on the BP will be reduced. This paper may provide important data to support subsequent optimization of the BP of CFETR and could also be a technical reference for other fusion organizations. more...


A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE NUCLEAR AND PLASMA SCIENCES SOCIETY
June 2019 \| VOLUME 47 \| NUMBER 6 \| ITPSBD \| (ISSN 0093-3813)
REGULAR PAPERS Basic Processes in Fully and Partially Ionized Plasmas Numerical Experiments to Optimize Argon Soft X-Ray Yield in a Low-Energy Plasma Focus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K. M. Ahmed, T. M. Allam, H. A. El-Sayed, F. B. Diab, and H. M. Soliman Generation of Nitrogen Emission Line at 337 nm in the Laboratory and at High Altitudes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M. M. Kekez Microwave Generation and Microwave-Plasma Interaction PID Modeling and Experiment of the Hot Test of Gyrotron Traveling Wave Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Y. Pu, G. Liu, A. Lin, Z. Wang, J. Wang, Z. Wu, W. Jiang, S. Zhang, and Y. Luo Design of a High-Gain X-Band Megawatt Gyrotron Traveling-Wave Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. Rao, L. Wang, Y. Wang, C. Fang, G. Liu, W. Jiang, J. Wang, Z. Wu, F. Zhang, and Y. Luo Implementation of High Power Microwave Pulse Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O. Karsli, M. Dogan, F. Ahiska, and O. O. Surel High-Performance Filtering Antenna Using Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. Feng, Y. Feng, W. Yang, W. Che, and Q. Xue Charged Particle Beams and Sources High-Power Plasma Flows Generated by Nanosecond Vacuum Surface Flashover of Polymeric Materials at 80 kV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R. V. Emlin, P. A. Morozov, I. F. Punanov, V. V. Lisenkov, and Y. N. Shcherbakov Strongly Mismatched Regime of Nonlinear Laser–Plasma Acceleration: Optimization of Laser-to-Energetic Particle Efficiency . . . . . A. A. Sahai Industrial, Commercial, and Medical Applications of Plasmas Plasma Cutting of Concrete: Heat Propagation and Molten Material Removal From the Kerf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. C. Chamorro, L. Prevosto, E. Cejas, N. J. Milardovich, B. R. Mancinelli, and G. Fischfeld A Temporal Study of Cell Death Signaling Responses to Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Electroporation in Human Cancer Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D. M. Krug, P. K. Diwakar, and A. Hassanein An Effective and Convenient Way to Improve the Adhesion Property of the Dental Zirconia Prosthesis by Ar Plasma Jet With the Control of Environmental Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K. Liu, Z. Zhu, M. Chen, J. Lei, and X. Wu Plasma Diagnostics Data Acquisition System for Thomson Scattering Diagnostics on GDT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E. A. Puryga, A. A. Lizunov, S. V. Ivanenko, A. D. Khilchenko, A. N. Kvashnin, P. V. Zubarev, and D. V. Moiseev Pulsed Power Science and Technology Fuzzy Controller Using Circulating Mode for ITER Poloidal Field AC/DC Converter System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M. U. Hassan, M. Humayun, P. Fu, Z. Song, and L. Hua Study on the Preload of Coaxial Power Connector in ETC Launch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Y. Xu, B. Tang, Y. Jin, X. Zhao, and B. Li Erection of Compact Marx Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. C. Pouncey, J. M. Lehr, and D. V. Giri Full-Circuit Simulation of Next Generation China Z-Pinch Driver CZ30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. Mao, F. Sun, C. Xue, N. Ding, D. Xiao, X. Wang, G. Wang, S. Sun, and A. Qiu Field-Circuit Coupling Simulation of Petawatt-Class Z-Pinch Accelerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Q. Zhou, X. Zou, and X. Wang Optimization of Self-Breakdown and Triggering Characteristics on Multigap Gas Switch by Mounting Resistors and Capacitors in Parallel With Switch Gaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H. Jiang, F. Sun, P. Cong, Z. Wang, X. Jiang, J. Yin, T. Huang, W. Luo, T. Zhang, and R. Zhai Arcs & MHD The Role of Apex Angle of a Cone-Shaped Hollow Cathode on Plasma Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M. P. Bhuva and S. K. Karkari Fusion Science and Technology Design of the Voltage Measurement and Feedback Regulation System of 100-kV High-Voltage Power Supply on J-TEXT Tokamak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S. Ma, J. Jiao, M. Zhang, X. Zhang, X. Ma, C. Wang, S. Li, H. Xu, P. Wang, and R. Wang Integral Benchmark Experiments on a Large Copper Block Using the GELINA Accelerator to Validate ^natCu Neutron Cross Sections From Different Neutron Cross-Sectional Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . M. Pillon, M. Angelone, F. Moro, D. H. D. Kim, M. Nyman, and A. J. M. Plompen Study on the EM Loads Distribution on Updated HCCB Blanket Inboard and Outboard Blanket Vertical Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M. Wang, M. Lei, Y. Song, M. Lu, S. Xu, K. Lu, S. Zhang, K. Pei, and K. Xu Electromagnetic Launch Science and Technology Optimal Design and Testing of the Driving Coil on Induction Coilgun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T. Zhang, W. Guo, Z. Su, Y. Liu, W. Fan, and H. Zhang Simulation and Robust Optimization Design for Electromagnetic Railgun Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X. Shang, T. Chao, P. Ma, and M. Yang Terahertz Science and Technology Study of 220 GHz Dual-Beam Overmoded Photonic Crystal-Loaded Folded Waveguide TWT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N. Shi, H. Wang, D. Xu, Z. Wang, Z. Lu, H. Gong, D. Liu, Z. Duan, Y. Wei, and Y. Gong Special Issue on Electromagnetic Launchers - 2018 Design and Simulation of a Brushless Self-Excited Air-Core Compensated Pulsed Alternator . . . . . . W. Li, C. Ye, F. Xiong, X. Liang, and Z. Zhu Electromagnetic Compatibility of a Railgun Implemented on a Warship (Invited Paper) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F. Bieth, P. Delmote, and M. Schneider A Tubular Permanent Magnet Linear Generator With Novel Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H. Chen, Y. Zhan, H. Wang, and R. Nie Special Issue on Plenary, Invited and Selected Papers from the 2018 Asia-Pacific Conference on Plasma and Terahertz Science Review of Intense Terahertz Radiation from Relativistic Laser-Produced Plasmas (Invited Paper) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G.-Q. Liao and Y.-T. Li Special Issue on Selected Papers from SOFE 2017 Deuterium Transport and Retention in Liquid Ga and Li Under Steady-State Plasma Bombardment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H. Bi and Y. Hirooka Special Issue on Pulsed Power Science and Technology - 2018 Output Current Optimization for Multibrick Parallel Discharge Drivers Based on Genetic Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. Yan, Y. Gou, S. Zhang, G. Wang, X. Chen, Y. Wang, Z. Li, S. Shen, Q. Li, and W. Ding Special Issue on Selected Papers from PLASMA2017 Japan Comparison of Two Inverse Heat Conduction Models for Heat Flux Measurement in the GAMMA 10/PDX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H. Matsuura, M. Ohuchi, M. S. Islam, T. Iijima, R. Minami, and Y. Nakashima Observation and Analysis of Paired-Particle Motions in Fine-Particle Plasma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T. Koga, T. Mieno, and Y. Hayashi
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