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FEBRUARY 2019 FEATURE ARTICLES - THESE ARE OPEN ACCESS FOR A LIMITED TIME

Reactivity and Delayed Neutron Precursors’ Concentration Estimation Based on Recursive Nonlinear Dynamic Data Reconciliation Technique

by Tarang Upendra Bhatt, Shrenik B. Patel, and Akhilanand Pati Tiwari


Reactivity is widely used as the paramount means for defining nuclear reactor status, but there is no physical sensor available to measure this parameter directly. Similarly delayed neutron precursors’ concentrations, the source of the delayed neutrons which play important role in reactor control cannot be measured directly. Hence, these quantities must be calculated or estimated from observed neutron flux transients. Recently, Kalman filter (KF) and its variants have been used for the reactivity estimation. A key limitation of KF and all of its variants is that they cannot account for the constraints on state variables systematically, which may cause the filter’s instability. In this paper, a constrained estimator based on the recursive nonlinear dynamic data reconciliation technique is proposed for the estimation of reactivity and delayed neutron precursors’ concentrations in the nuclear reactor. more...
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TID and Internal Charging Evaluation for Jupiter Orbiting Mission

by Jian-Zhao Wang, Qing-Xiang Zhang, Yu-Zhan Zheng, Dai Tian, An-Wen Zhu, Jia-Wen Qiu, and Ji-Nan Ma

In the Jovian radiation belt, the radiations of high-energy particles are much higher than that in the earth’s radiation belt. The radiation hardness is a key technology to ensure the successful implementation of the Jupiter mission. We develop the methods of total ionizing dose (TID) and internal charging evaluation for a potential Jupiter orbiting mission. In TID evaluation, based on the data from radiation test on devices, the Jovian radiation belt model, and the solar proton model, we introduce a method to evaluate the failure possibility caused by TID after shielding layers. In this method, radiation variability in Jovian magnetosphere and failure dose uncertainty of devices are integrated. Survival probability can be studied quantitatively. Especially we define the failure rate and investigate its change within the mission period. Using this method, we can approach a balance among device ability, shielding thickness, and failure probability in the spacecraft design. In internal charging evaluation, the simulation method is improved and applied to the Jovian mission. more...
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Few-view computed tomography image reconstruction using mean curvature model with curvature smoothing and surface fitting

by Zhizhong Zheng, Yicong Hu, Ailong Cai, Wenkun Zhang, Jie Li, Bin Yan, and Guoen Hu

The edge and curve of an image surface are crucial visual cues in vision psychology. Studies show that human beings can effectively process curvature information, such as distinguishing the concavity and convexity of an image. This finding indicates that curvature is essential for a desired image to be felt authentic and real. In this paper, a novel few-view computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction model is proposed based on mean curvature (MC). Similar to the total variation model, the MC employs the L1 -norm to utilize the sparse prior information. Constructing efficient numerical algorithms for minimizing the MC model is significant due to the associated high-order Euler–Lagrange equations. A two-step numerical method, including curvature smoothing and surface fitting, is presented to solve the proposed model, which can be stably and efficiently solved by the alternating direction minimization. more...
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A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE NUCLEAR AND PLASMA SCIENCES SOCIETY
FEBRUARY 2019  |  VOLUME 66  |  NUMBER 2  |  IETNAE  |  (SSN 0018-9499)

REGULAR PAPERS
NUCLEAR POWER INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL
Reactivity and Delayed Neutron Precursors’ Concentration Estimation Based on Recursive Nonlinear Dynamic DataReconciliation Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T. U. Bhatt, S. B. Patel, and A. P. Tiwari

RADIATION EFFECTS
Effect of Electron Irradiation and Operating Voltage on the Deep Dielectric Charging Characteristics of Polyimide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S. Pan, D. Min, X. Wang, X. Hou, L. Wang, and S. Li
TID and Internal Charging Evaluation for Jupiter Orbiting Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J-Z. Wang, Q.-X. Zhang, Y.-Z. Zheng, D. Tian, A.-W. Zhu, J.-W. Qiu, and J.-N. Ma
Dark Count Rate Degradation in CMOS SPADs Exposed to X-Rays and Neutrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L. Ratti, P. Brogi,
     G. Collazuol,  G.-F. Dalla Betta,  A. Ficorella,  L. Lodola,  P. S. Marrocchesi,  S. Mattiazzo, F. Morsani,  M. Musacci, L. Pancheri, and C. Vacchi

RADIATION INSTRUMENTATION
VME Readout at and Below the Conversion Time Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M. Munch, J. H. Jensen, B. Löher, H. Törnqvist, and H. T. Johansson
Few-View Computed Tomography Image Reconstruction Using Mean Curvature Model With Curvature Smoothing and Surface Fitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Z. Zheng, Y. Hu, A. Cai, W. Zhang, J. Li, B. Yan, and G. Hu
A Study of ΔΣ-CDS Algorithm for X-Ray CCD Applications . . . . . . . . B. Lu, Y. Chen, Y. Zhou, X. Cao, Y. Wang, Q. Yu, K. Wang, T. Yi, and Z. Hong
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