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Photonic Crystal-Based High-Power Backward Wave Oscillatorby Brian R. Poole and John R. HarrisAn electron beam traversing a slow wave structure can be used to either generate or amplify electromagnetic radiation through the interaction of the slow space charge wave on the beam with the slow wave structure modes. Here, a cylindrical waveguide with a periodic array of conducting loops is used for the slow wave structure. This paper considers operation as a backward wave oscillator. The dispersion properties of the structure are determined using a frequency-domain eigenmode solver. The interaction of the electron beam with the structure modes is investigated using a 2-D particle-in-cell (PIC) code. The operating frequency and growth rate dependence on beam energy and beam current are investigated using the PIC code and compared with analytic and scaling estimates where possible. more... | ||
Arc Voltage Characteristics in Ultrahigh-Pressure Nitrogen Including Supercritical Regionby Fahim Abid, Kaveh Niayesh, Erik Jonsson, Nina Sasaki Støa-Aanensen,and Magne RundeA supercritical (SC) fluid is formed when both pressure and temperature of a fluid exceed the critical point, where distinct gas and liquid phases no longer exist. SC fluids demonstrate combined properties of gas and liquid, which make them interesting to investigate them as an arc extinction medium. This paper focuses on the arc voltage characteristics of industrial grade nitrogen subjected to different filling pressures up to 98 bar including SC region. Pressure, arc duration, current, and distance dependence of the arc are investigated by arc voltage measurement. It has been found that arc voltage increases with filling pressure without any abrupt change during the transition from gas into the SC region. Arc duration and current dependence of the arc voltage are not significant in the investigated parameter range. Arc voltage measurement with different electrode gaps suggests that the electrode voltage drop does not vary with filling pressure. more... | ||
Performance Enhancement of a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Vacuum-Ultraviolet Photon Source Using Short-Pulsed Electrical Excitationby Robert J. Carman, Noah T. Goldberg, Stuart C. Hansen, Nigel Gore, and Deborah M. KaneWe have studied the electrical and optical characteristics of an air-cooled argon excimer vacuum-ultraviolet lamp (λ ~ 126 nm) excited by a dielectric barrier discharge powered by: 1) pulsed or 2) sinusoidal high-voltage drivers from 32 to 100 kHz. Compared to sinusoidal excitation, pulsed excitation gives nearly ~ 2x higher vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) output and electrical-to-VUV conversion efficiency at high pressure (800-900 mbar). Visually, the pulse-driven plasma is spatially homogeneous, whereas for sinusoidal excitation the plasma becomes filamentary at higher pressure and/or frequency. Spectral emission is highly monochromatic with most of the output in the desired VUV band (λ = 115-140 nm). With the lamp running at pressure >700 mbar and power loadings >1.6 W/cm3, a sharp spike in VUV output was consistently seen at turn-on. We believe that transient phenomena or favorable initial conditions may be partly responsible for this VUV spike, although the equilibrium VUV output appears to be limited due to thermal dissipation, gas heating, and associated loss of gas from the active region. We propose that we may be observing the same intrinsic VUV spiking phenomena as reported in liquid nitrogen-cooled Xe, Kr, and Ar excimer lamps by Gerasimov et al. More importantly, we believe ours is the first such observation reported for an excimer VUV lamp operating near room temperature. This VUV spiking behavior raises the prospect that designs with improved thermal management may achieve even higher VUV power and efficiency. more... | ||
Development of a 0.6 MV Ultra-Compact Magnetic Core Pulsed Transformer for High Power Applicationsby L. Pécastaing, M. Rivaletto, A.S. de Ferron, R. Pecquois, and B. M. NovacThe generation of high-power electromagnetic waves is one of the major applications in the field of high-intensity pulsed power. The conventional structure of a pulsed power generator contains a primary energy source and a load separated by a power-amplification system. The latter performs time compression of the slow input energy pulse and delivers a high-intensity power output to the load. Usually, either a Marx generator or a Tesla transformer is used as a power amplifier. In the present case, a system termed “module oscillant utilisant une nouvelle architecture” (MOUNA) uses an innovative and very compact resonant pulsed transformer to drive a dipole antenna. This paper describes the ultracompact multiprimary winding pulsed transformer developed in common by the Université de Pau and Hi Pulse Company that can generate voltage pulses of up to 0.6 MV, with a rise time of less than 270 ns. The transformer design has four primary windings, with two secondary windings in parallel, and a Metglas 2605SA1 amorphous iron magnetic core with an innovative biconic geometry used to optimize the leakage inductance. The overall unit has a weight of 6 kg and a volume of only 3.4 L, and this paper presents in detail its design procedure, with each of the main characteristics being separately analyzed. more... | ||
A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE NUCLEAR AND PLASMA SCIENCES SOCIETY |
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JANUARY 2018 | VOLUME 46 | NUMBER 1 | ITPSBD | (ISSN 0093-3813) | ||
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